Intermediate Pyrolysis of Brewer’s Spent Grain: Impact of Gas Atmosphere

Artur Bieniek, Wojciech Jerzak, Małgorzata Sieradzka, Łukasz Mika, Karol Sztekler and Aneta Magdziarz
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Artur Bieniek: Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Wojciech Jerzak: Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Małgorzata Sieradzka: Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Łukasz Mika: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Karol Sztekler: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
Aneta Magdziarz: Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-17

Abstract: This work focuses on the impact of carrier gas on the quantity and quality of pyrolytic products received from intermediate pyrolysis of the brewer’s spent grain. In this study, three types of carrier gases were tested: argon, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide at three temperatures of 500, 600, and 700 °C. On the basis of the process conditions, the yield of products was determined. The ultimate analysis of the char was performed, and for selected chars, the combustion properties were determined. Gas chromatography of the organic fraction of oil was performed, and the compounds were determined. Additionally, microscale investigation of the spent grain pyrolysis was performed by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that there were no significant differences in product yields in various atmospheres. Char yield changed only with temperature from 28% at 500 °C up to 19% at 700 °C. According to ultimate analysis, the char from CO 2 pyrolysis was approximately 2% richer in carbon and this fact did not influence on the combustion properties of the char. The oil fraction was characterized mainly by acids with a maximum content of 68% at 600 °C in an argon atmosphere and the acid concentration depended on the carrier gas as follows line: Ar > N 2 > CO 2 .

Keywords: Brewer’s spent grain; intermediate pyrolysis; carrier gas; fixed bed reactor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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