High Solid and Low Cellulase Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cardoon Stems Pretreated by Acidified γ-Valerolactone/Water Solution

Giacomo Fabbrizi, Tommaso Giannoni, Leonardo Lorenzi, Andrea Nicolini, Paola Iodice, Valentina Coccia, Gianluca Cavalaglio and Mattia Gelosia
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Giacomo Fabbrizi: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy
Tommaso Giannoni: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy
Leonardo Lorenzi: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy
Andrea Nicolini: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy
Paola Iodice: Department of Civil Engineering, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy
Valentina Coccia: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy
Gianluca Cavalaglio: Department of Civil Engineering, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy
Mattia Gelosia: CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-12

Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass is a nonedible matrix that can be efficiently exploited as feedstock in an integrated biorefinery after a proper pretreatment. An organosolv pretreatment using an acidified γ-valerolactone (GVL)/water solution was proposed to improve the cellulose enrichment and enzymatic saccharification of cardoon ( Cynara cardunculus L.) stems. At the optimal pretreatment condition (140 °C, 0.6 GVL/water, and 2.24% H 2 SO 4 ), xylan was efficiently removed from the cardoon, and up to 50% of its content was recovered in the aqueous fraction, while 86% of the cellulose was retained in the solid fraction. The resulting cardoon pulp showed a cellulose content of 91.5% and an enzymatic digestibility of 100%. An overall glucose production of 37.17 g/100 g raw material (90% theoretical maximum) was obtained using high solid loading (20% w / w ) and a high enzyme dosage (60 FPU/g cellulose). At a low enzyme dosage, glucose concentrations of 169 g/L and 210 g/L were achieved using 10 FPU/g cellulose and 20 FPU/g cellulose, respectively. Therefore, an organosolv pretreatment can be an effective process for producing cellulose-enriched pulp with enhanced enzymatic digestibility from cardoon stems, providing a promising option for green lignocellulosic biorefineries that aim to produce high concentrations of glucose with low cellulase addition.

Keywords: ?-valerolactone/water delignification; cellulose enrichment; high solid loading enzymatic hydrolysis; Cynara cardunculus; low cellulase addition; microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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