CO 2 Emission Factors and Carbon Losses for Off-Road Mining Trucks

João Andrade de Carvalho, André de Castro, Gutemberg Hespanha Brasil, Paulo Antonio de Souza and Andrés Z. Mendiburu
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João Andrade de Carvalho: Campus of Guaratinguetá, São Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá, CEP 12516-410, Brazil
André de Castro: Heatech—Technology for Energy Efficiency, São José dos Campos, CEP 12233-360, Brazil
Gutemberg Hespanha Brasil: Graduate Program of Economics, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, CEP 29075-910, Brazil
Paulo Antonio de Souza: School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4111, Australia
Andrés Z. Mendiburu: International Research Group for Energy Sustainability (IRGES), Porto Alegre, CEP 90040-060, Brazil

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-17

Abstract: There are myriad questions that remain to be answered in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading. This article addresses carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission factors and carbon losses from heavy equipment that is used to transport ores. Differences occurred between the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) emission factor and those that were obtained by considering incomplete combustion and on-site exhaust concentration measurements. Emissions from four off-road vehicles were analyzed. They operated at idle (loading, unloading, and queuing) and in motion (front and rear, loaded and unloaded). The results show that the average CO 2 emission factors can be as low as 64.8% of the IPCC standard value for diesel fuel. On the other hand, carbon losses can be up to 33.5% and energy losses up to 25.5%. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the method that was developed here is innovative, simple, useful, and easily applicable in determining CO 2 emission factors and fuel losses for heavy machinery.

Keywords: CO 2 emission rates; carbon losses; heavy duty equipment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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