Neural Ordinary Differential Equations for Grey-Box Modelling of Lithium-Ion Batteries on the Basis of an Equivalent Circuit Model

Jennifer Brucker, René Behmann, Wolfgang G. Bessler and Rainer Gasper
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Jennifer Brucker: Institute of Sustainable Energy Systems, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Badstraße 24, 77652 Offenburg, Germany
René Behmann: Institute of Sustainable Energy Systems, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Badstraße 24, 77652 Offenburg, Germany
Wolfgang G. Bessler: Institute of Sustainable Energy Systems, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Badstraße 24, 77652 Offenburg, Germany
Rainer Gasper: Institute of Sustainable Energy Systems, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Badstraße 24, 77652 Offenburg, Germany

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-20

Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries exhibit a dynamic voltage behaviour depending nonlinearly on current and state of charge. The modelling of lithium-ion batteries is therefore complicated and model parametrisation is often time demanding. Grey-box models combine physical and data-driven modelling to benefit from their respective advantages. Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) offer new possibilities for grey-box modelling. Differential equations given by physical laws and NODEs can be combined in a single modelling framework. Here we demonstrate the use of NODEs for grey-box modelling of lithium-ion batteries. A simple equivalent circuit model serves as a basis and represents the physical part of the model. The voltage drop over the resistor–capacitor circuit, including its dependency on current and state of charge, is implemented as a NODE. After training, the grey-box model shows good agreement with experimental full-cycle data and pulse tests on a lithium iron phosphate cell. We test the model against two dynamic load profiles: one consisting of half cycles and one dynamic load profile representing a home-storage system. The dynamic response of the battery is well captured by the model.

Keywords: neural ordinary differential equations; grey-box model; equivalent circuit model; lithium-ion batteries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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