Review of Bioenergy Potential from the Agriculture Sector in Iraq

Hend Dakhel Alhassany, Safaa Malik Abbas, Marcos Tostado-Véliz, David Vera, Salah Kamel and Francisco Jurado
Additional contact information
Hend Dakhel Alhassany: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain
Safaa Malik Abbas: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain
Marcos Tostado-Véliz: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain
David Vera: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain
Salah Kamel: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt
Francisco Jurado: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-17

Abstract: Bioenergy is one of the most important renewable-energy sources worldwide, accounting for more than two-thirds of the renewable-energy mix. Biomass accounted for 13–14% of the primary energy consumption in 2018, and by 2050, it is expected to account for 50% of the global primary energy consumption. This article studies the biomass potential in Iraq. The potential of this country to be one of the leading producers of bioenergy is discussed, remarking on the importance of agricultural crop waste. Nowadays, Iraq generates a great quantity of biomass every year. Unfortunately, instead of contributing to the energy industry and economic progress, these wastes are burned directly, potentially causing a slew of environmental issues. Based on earlier studies, the theoretical energy potential of Iraq agricultural wastes is assessed. It is concluded that 10 million tons of dry agricultural leftovers can create 115 PJ of energy per year. According to the findings of this study, 10 million heads of cattle in Iraq could generate 72 million m 3 of biogas per day, with a total potential power of 946 TJ per year from animal wastes, mainly cattle dung. On the other hand, bioenergy potential is heavily reliant on the geographical distribution, availability, and accessibility of real waste. Wasit, Qadisiyah, and Mosul are the most feasible locations for this agricultural waste potential. This might lead to the development of a long-term economic plan for the successful and sustainable utilization of important accessible waste for bioenergy generation.

Keywords: biomass; renewable energy; gasifier; agriculture residues (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/7/2678/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/7/2678/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:7:p:2678-:d:787838

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().