Friction Factor and Heat Transfer of Giesekus-Fluid-Based Nanofluids in a Pipe Flow

Wenqian Lin, Hailin Yang and Jianzhong Lin
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Wenqian Lin: School of Media and Design, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Hailin Yang: State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Jianzhong Lin: State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 9, 1-16

Abstract: The friction factor and heat transfer of Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids in a pipe flow were studied in the ranges of 0.5 ≤ Reynolds number (Re) ≤ 500, 1 ≤ Weissenberg number (Wi) ≤ 8, 0.5% ≤ particle volume concentration ( Φ ) ≤ 3.0%, 0 ≤ viscosity ratio ( β 0 ) ≤ 1, and 0 ≤ mobility parameter ( α ) ≤ 0.5. Our numerical method was validated by comparing the results with available ones in the literature. The effects of Wi, Φ , β 0 , Re, and α on the relative friction factor ( C f / C f New ), Nusselt number (Nu), and ratio (PEC nf /PEC f ) of energy performance evaluation criterion for Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids to those for Giesekus fluid were discussed. The results showed that the values for the C f / C f New and Nu of Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids were larger than those for Newtonian fluid-based nanofluids and those for pure Giesekus fluid. The values for C f / C f New increased with increasing Φ and Re, but they increased with decreasing β 0 and α . As Wi increased, the values of C f / C f New first increased and then decreased. The values of Nu and PEC nf /PEC f were enhanced with increasing Wi, Φ , Re, and α , but with decreasing β 0 . It is more effective to use Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids to improve heat transfer with the conditions of a larger Wi, Φ , Re, and α and a smaller β 0 . Finally, the correlation formula for PEC nf /PEC f as a function of Wi, Φ , β 0 , Re, and α was derived.

Keywords: friction factor; heat transfer; Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids; pipe flow; numerical simulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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