Recent Advances on Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon—Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Xue Li, Guolei Liu, Han Zheng, Kuizhao Sun, Linna Wan, Jing Cao, Saira Asif, Yue Cao (), Weimeng Si, Fagang Wang () and Awais Bokhari ()
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Xue Li: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Guolei Liu: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Han Zheng: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Kuizhao Sun: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Linna Wan: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Jing Cao: Huantai Ecological Environment Management Service Center, Zibo 255000, China
Saira Asif: Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Yue Cao: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Weimeng Si: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Fagang Wang: Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Awais Bokhari: Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic

Energies, 2022, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are considered one of the alternatives to fossil energy sources. The slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode and the high price of Pt-based catalysts remain one of the key challenges for the commercial viability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, their high cost and susceptibility to poisoning severely limit their use for large-scale commercial applications in fuel cells. Heteroatom-doped porous carbon has attracted extensive attention from scientists due to its advantages such as high specific surface area and the properties conferred by heteroatom doping. On the one hand, we discuss a variety of current methods for the preparation of heteroatom-doped porous carbons, including the template method and the activation method. On the other hand, we discuss the application of heteroatom-doped porous carbon in Pt catalysts, transition metal catalysts and metal-free catalysts. Finally, we also present the pre-existing and challenges of heteroatoms in ORR catalysis, which will drive the development of ORR catalysts.

Keywords: oxygen reduction; porous carbon; heteroatom doping; catalyst; specific surface area; platinum; transition metal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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