Climate Change Impacts on Gaseous Hydrogen (H 2 ) Potential Produced by Photovoltaic Electrolysis for Stand-Alone or Grid Applications in Europe

Pierre-Antoine Muselli, Jean-Nicolas Antoniotti and Marc Muselli ()
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Pierre-Antoine Muselli: Paolitech Engineering School, University of Corsica, Avenue du 9 Septembre, 20250 Corte, France
Jean-Nicolas Antoniotti: Demeures Corses, Campus Dom, 939 Av. de Rasignani, 20290 Borgo, France
Marc Muselli: Paolitech Engineering School, University of Corsica, Avenue du 9 Septembre, 20250 Corte, France

Energies, 2022, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: The EU’s hydrogen strategy consists of studying the potential for renewable hydrogen to help decarbonize the EU in a cost-effective way. Today, hydrogen accounts for less than 2% of Europe’s energy consumption. It is primarily used to produce chemical products. However, 96% of this hydrogen production is through natural gas, leading to significant amounts of CO 2 emissions. In this paper, we investigated PV electrolysis H 2 gas (noted H 2(g) ) production for mapping this resource at Europe’s scale. The Cordex/Copernicus RCPs scenarios allow for evaluating the impact of climate changes on the H 2 -produced mass and the equivalent energy, according to both extreme RCPs scenarios. New linear regressions are investigated to study the great dependence in H 2(g) produced masses (kg·yr −1 ) and equivalent energies (MWh·yr −1 ) for European countries. Computational scenarios are investigated from a reference year (2005) to the end of the century (2100) by steps of 5 years. According to RCPs 2.6 (favorable)/8.5 (extreme), 31.7% and 77.4% of Europe’s area presents a decrease of H 2(g) -produced masses between 2005 and 2100. For the unfavorable scenario (8.5), only a few regions located in the northeast of France, Germany, Austria, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece present a positive balance in H 2(g) production for supplying remote houses or smart grids in electricity and heat energy.

Keywords: hydrogen resource; mapping; photovoltaic electrolysis; climate change; green hydrogen; Europe; Mediterranean basin (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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