Comparative Analysis of Injection of Pyrolysis Oil from Plastics and Gasoline into the Engine Cylinder and Atomization by a Direct High-Pressure Injector

Magdalena Szwaja, Jeffrey D. Naber, David Shonnard, Daniel Kulas, Ali Zolghadr and Stanislaw Szwaja ()
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Magdalena Szwaja: Department of Thermal Machinery, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
Jeffrey D. Naber: Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
David Shonnard: Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Daniel Kulas: Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Ali Zolghadr: Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Stanislaw Szwaja: Department of Thermal Machinery, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: The article discusses the results of experimental studies on the course of pyrolysis oil injection through the high-pressure injector of a direct-injection engine. The pyrolysis oil used for the tests was derived from waste plastics (mainly high-density polyethylene—HDPE). This oil was then distilled. The article also describes the production technology of this pyrolysis oil on a laboratory scale. It presents the results of the chemical composition of the raw pyrolysis oil and the oil after the distillation process using GC-MS analysis. Fuel injection tests were carried out for the distilled pyrolysis oil and a 91 RON gasoline in order to perform a comparative analysis with the tested pyrolysis oil. In this case, the research was focused on the injected spray cloud analysis. The essential tested parameter was the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of fuel droplets measured at the injection pressure of 400 bar. The analysis showed that the oil after distillation contained a significant proportion of light hydrocarbons similar to gasoline, and that the SMDs for distilled pyrolysis oil and gasoline were similar in the 7–9 µm range. In conclusion, it can be considered that distilled pyrolysis oil from HDPE can be used both as an additive for blending with gasoline in a spark-ignition engine or as a single fuel for a gasoline compression-ignition direct injection engine.

Keywords: distilled pyrolysis oil; plastics; injection; Sauter mean diameter; fuel (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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