Sol-Gel Derived Di-Ureasil Based Ormolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Paulo Joaquim Nunes, Rui Francisco Pinto Pereira, Sónia Pereira, Maria Manuela Silva, Elvira Fortunato, Verónica de Zea Bermudez () and Mariana Fernandes ()
Additional contact information
Paulo Joaquim Nunes: Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Rui Francisco Pinto Pereira: Chemistry Department and Chemistry Centre, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Sónia Pereira: CENIMAT/I3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP-UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Maria Manuela Silva: Chemistry Department and Chemistry Centre, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Elvira Fortunato: CENIMAT/I3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP-UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Verónica de Zea Bermudez: Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Mariana Fernandes: Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal

Energies, 2022, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Two di-ureasils incorporating oxyethylene segments with average molecular weights Y = 600 and 900 g mol −1 , prepared by the sol-gel method, and doped with the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) and lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) salt were prepared. The as-obtained films are translucent, flexible, and hydrophobic, and have a low level of nanoscale surface roughness. The ionic conductivity values exhibited by an optimized sample are 8.10 × 10 −5 and 2.8 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at room temperature and 55 °C, respectively. The main goal of the work was to employ the electrolytes in prototype electrochromic devices (ECDs) with the [glass/a-IZO/a-WO 3 /d-U(Y)LiBF 4 -[Bmim]Cl/c-NiO/a-IZO/glass], noted as ECD1 for Y = 600 and ECD2 for Y = 900, where a-WO 3 and c-NiO stand for amorphous tungsten oxide and crystalline nickel oxide, respectively. At 555 nm the ECD1 device exhibited the highest coloration efficiency for coloring (CE in = −420.621 cm 2 ·C −1 ), the highest optical density value (∆(OD) = 0.13) and good cycling stability. In this article, the results of a preliminary evaluation of hybrid electrolytes, produced by a sol-gel process, as multi-functional components in prototype electrochromic devices are reported.

Keywords: sol-gel; di-ureasil electrolytes; lithium tetrafluoroborate; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; electrochromic devices (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/426/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/426/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2022:i:1:p:426-:d:1020067

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().