Energy Independence of a Small Office Community Powered by Photovoltaic-Wind Hybrid Systems in Widely Different Climates

Nicoletta Matera, Domenico Mazzeo, Cristina Baglivo () and Paolo Maria Congedo
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Nicoletta Matera: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Domenico Mazzeo: Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy
Cristina Baglivo: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Paolo Maria Congedo: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-15

Abstract: Hybrid renewable energy systems are an optimal solution for small energy communities’ energy supply. One of the critical issues is the strong correlation of these systems with outdoor climatic conditions. The goal is to make local communities increasingly energy independent. To this end, an in-depth analysis of the behaviour of hybrid photovoltaic (PV)–wind systems powering small office communities in 48 locations around the world characterized by widely varying climates was conducted. System sizes, assumed to be stand-alone or grid-connected, were varied, for a total of 343 system power configurations. Highest satisfied load fraction (SLF) values are obtained with a significant predominance of PV over wind; the trend is more pronounced in dry and continental climates (zones B and D according to the Köppen climate classification). The utilization factor (UF) values of 1 are rarely reached and never in the wind-only or PV-only configurations. In all climates, the grid energy interaction factor (GEIF) values of zero are never reached but come very close. The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of grid-connected systems is significantly higher than stand-alone systems.

Keywords: district; hybrid renewable systems; battery; electric vehicle charging; offices; benefit–cost ratio; photovoltaic-wind; Köppen climate classification; satisfied load fraction; utilization factor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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