Toxicity of Perovskite Solar Cells

Ziyao Yue, Hu Guo () and Yuanhang Cheng ()
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Ziyao Yue: School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin 214443, China
Hu Guo: School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin 214443, China
Yuanhang Cheng: School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin 214443, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-24

Abstract: Over the past decade, there has been significant and rapid developments in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Despite the fact that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PVSCs has increased from 3.8% to 25.8%, approaching that of commercial single crystalline Si solar cells, the market is still dominated by Si-based photovoltaic (PV) technology. This can be attributed to the challenges associated with upscaling PVSCs, improving device stability, and reducing the toxicity of PVSCs, which are hurdles in commercializing perovskite PV technologies. In particular, the toxicity due to lead leakage of PVSCs makes it difficult for them to enter the market. Hence, in this article, the structure and working principle of PVSCs are first summarized. Then, the toxicity of PVSCs is discussed, including the impacts of organic solvents and perovskite precursor materials on the health and environment. In this section, examples of advanced strategies for reducing the toxicity of PVSCs are also provided. Finally, challenges and a perspective for developing nontoxic PVSCs are given.

Keywords: perovskite solar cells; toxicity; organic solvent; Pb leakage; Pb trapping (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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