Demand Response Implementation: Overview of Europe and United States Status

Cátia Silva, Pedro Faria and Zita Vale ()
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Cátia Silva: Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Intelligent Systems Associated Laboratory (LASI), Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Pedro Faria: Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Intelligent Systems Associated Laboratory (LASI), Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Zita Vale: Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Intelligent Systems Associated Laboratory (LASI), Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: The authors review the efforts made in the last five years to implement Demand Response (DR) programs, considering and studying several models and countries. As motivation, climate change has been a topic widely discussed in the last decades, namely in the power and energy sectors. Therefore, it is crucial to substitute non-renewable fuels with more environment-friendly solutions. Enabling Distributed Generation (DG), namely using renewable resources such as wind and solar, can be part of the solution to reduce the greenhouse effects. However, their unpredictable behavior might result in several problems for network management. Therefore, the consumer should become more flexible towards this new paradigm where the generation no longer follows the demand requests. With this, Demand Response (DR) concept is created as part of this solution. This paper studies the European Union and United States’ current status, with over 50 references.

Keywords: demand response; European Union; smart grids; United States (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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