CZT-Based Harmonic Analysis in Smart Grid Using Low-Cost Electronic Measurement Boards

Giovanni Artale, Nicola Panzavecchia (), Valentina Cosentino, Antonio Cataliotti, Manel Ben-Romdhane, Amel Benazza-Ben Yahia, Valeria Boscaino, Noureddine Ben Othman, Vito Ditta, Michele Fiorino, Giuseppe Del Mastro, Salvatore Guaiana, Giovanni Tinè and Dario Di Cara
Additional contact information
Giovanni Artale: Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Nicola Panzavecchia: Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
Valentina Cosentino: Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Antonio Cataliotti: Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Manel Ben-Romdhane: COSIM Research Laboratory, SUP’COM, University of Carthage, Ariana 2083, Tunisia
Amel Benazza-Ben Yahia: COSIM Research Laboratory, SUP’COM, University of Carthage, Ariana 2083, Tunisia
Valeria Boscaino: Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
Noureddine Ben Othman: Innovation Department, ACTIA Engineering Services, Ariana 2088, Tunisia
Vito Ditta: Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Michele Fiorino: Layer Electronics s.r.l., 91016 Erice, Italy
Giuseppe Del Mastro: Layer Electronics s.r.l., 91016 Erice, Italy
Salvatore Guaiana: Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
Giovanni Tinè: Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
Dario Di Cara: Institute of Marine Engineering (INM), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-25

Abstract: This paper validates the use of a harmonic analysis algorithm on a microcontroller to perform measurements of non-stationary signals in the context of smart grids. The increasing presence of electronic devices such as inverters of distributed generators (DG), power converters of charging stations for electric vehicles, etc. can drain non-stationary currents during their operation. A classical fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm may not have sufficient spectral resolution for the evaluation of harmonics and inter-harmonics. Thus, in this paper, the implementation of a chirp-Z transform (CZT) algorithm is suggested, which has a spectral resolution independent from the observation window. The CZT is implemented on a low-cost commercial microcontroller, and the absolute error is evaluated with respect to the same algorithm implemented in the LabVIEW environment. The results of the tests show that the CZT implementation on a low-cost microcontroller allows for accurate measurement results, demonstrating the feasibility of reliable harmonic analysis measurements even in non-stationary conditions on smart grids.

Keywords: power quality; harmonic analysis; CZT; smart grid; hardware implementation; low-cost devices (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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