Review: Factors Affecting the Performance of Ground Electrodes under High Impulse Currents

Normiza Mohamad Nor ()
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Normiza Mohamad Nor: Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Malaysia

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-13

Abstract: Most studies have observed that the impedance values of ground electrodes under high impulse conditions (Z imp ) are lower than the resistance values under steady-state conditions (R DC ). It has been suggested that this is due to the ionisation process in soil, where streamers will propagate away from the electrodes, causing an increase in the ionisation zone, thus reducing the Z imp values. The percentage difference between Z imp and R DC is found to be dependent on several factors. This paper aims to review and present the findings of previously published work on the percentage difference between Z imp and R DC in relation to various factors.

Keywords: impulse impedance; steady-state resistance values (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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