Environmental Assessment of Hydrogen Utilization in Various Applications and Alternative Renewable Sources for Hydrogen Production: A Review

Muhammad Amin, Hamad Hussain Shah, Bilal Bashir, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal, Umer Hameed Shah and Muhammad Umair Ali ()
Additional contact information
Muhammad Amin: Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (Tier II)—Research and Innovation, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Hamad Hussain Shah: Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Piazza Roma 21, 82100 Benevento, Italy
Bilal Bashir: US-Pak Center for Advance Studies in Water (USPCASW), Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
Muhammad Azhar Iqbal: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology (IST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Umer Hameed Shah: Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Muhammad Umair Ali: Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: Rapid industrialization is consuming too much energy, and non-renewable energy resources are currently supplying the world’s majority of energy requirements. As a result, the global energy mix is being pushed towards renewable and sustainable energy sources by the world’s future energy plan and climate change. Thus, hydrogen has been suggested as a potential energy source for sustainable development. Currently, the production of hydrogen from fossil fuels is dominant in the world and its utilization is increasing daily. As discussed in the paper, a large amount of hydrogen is used in rocket engines, oil refining, ammonia production, and many other processes. This paper also analyzes the environmental impacts of hydrogen utilization in various applications such as iron and steel production, rocket engines, ammonia production, and hydrogenation. It is predicted that all of our fossil fuels will run out soon if we continue to consume them at our current pace of consumption. Hydrogen is only ecologically friendly when it is produced from renewable energy. Therefore, a transition towards hydrogen production from renewable energy resources such as solar, geothermal, and wind is necessary. However, many things need to be achieved before we can transition from a fossil-fuel-driven economy to one based on renewable energy.

Keywords: depletion of fossil fuels; hydrogen utilization; renewable energy sources; energy strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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