A Bi-Level Optimal Operation Model for Small-Scale Active Distribution Networks Considering the Coupling Fluctuation of Spot Electricity Prices and Renewable Energy Sources

Yu Shi, Fei Lv (), Xuefeng Gao, Minglei Jiang, Huan Luo and Ruhang Xu
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Yu Shi: Power Economic Research Institute of Jilin Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changchun 130021, China
Fei Lv: School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Xuefeng Gao: Power Economic Research Institute of Jilin Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changchun 130021, China
Minglei Jiang: Power Economic Research Institute of Jilin Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changchun 130021, China
Huan Luo: School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Ruhang Xu: School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 11, 1-26

Abstract: As the penetration rate of variable renewable energy such as wind power increases in the power system, the composition and balance of the system also change gradually. The intermittency of renewable energy poses great stability challenges to the traditional centralized generation and load-oriented transmission and distribution methods. Therefore, the Active Distribution Network Operator (ADNO) with distributed installation at the local level has a good application prospect in the new scenario. However, ADNO needs to improve its operational efficiency based on the types of local generation and storage devices and the nature of the market environment. To address this issue, this paper proposes a forecasting method that considers the coupling fluctuations of spot electricity prices and renewable energy, and a bi-level optimization operation method based on the Stackelberg game for optimizing the operation of small-scale ADNO under high wind power penetration rate. Simulation results show that the proposed methods achieve greater positive impact on the operational efficiency of ADNO than conventional methods. In addition, the proposed methods ensure the long-term profitability of ADNO, even with fluctuations in external factors.

Keywords: spot price; renewable energy; active distribution network; operation strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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