Calcium Borohydride Ca(BH 4 ) 2: Fundamentals, Prediction and Probing for High-Capacity Energy Storage Applications, Organic Synthesis and Catalysis

Cezar Comanescu ()
Additional contact information
Cezar Comanescu: National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 11, 1-34

Abstract: Calcium borohydride (Ca(BH 4 ) 2 ) is a complex hydride that has been less investigated compared to its lighter counterpart, magnesium borohydride. While offering slightly lower hydrogen storage capacity (11.5 wt% theoretical maximum, 9.6 wt% under actual dehydrogenation conditions), there are many improvement avenues for maximizing the reversible hydrogen storage that have been explored recently, from DFT calculations and polymorph investigations to reactive hydride composites (RHCs) and catalytic and nanosizing effects. The stability of Ca(BH 4 ) 2 , the possibility of regeneration from spent products, and the relatively mild dehydrogenation conditions make calcium borohydride an attractive compound for hydrogen storage purposes. The ionic conductivity enhancements brought about by the rich speciation of borohydride anions can extend the use of Ca(BH 4 ) 2 to battery applications, considering the abundance of Ca relative to alkali metal borohydrides typically used for this purpose. The current work aims to review the synthetic strategies, structural considerations of various polymorphs and adducts, and hydrogen storage capacity of composites based on calcium borohydrides and related complex hydrides (mixed anions, mixed cations, additives, catalysts, etc.). Additional applications related to batteries, organic and organometallic chemistry, and catalysis have been briefly described.

Keywords: calcium borohydride; hydrogen storage; thermodynamics; kinetic improvement; batteries; RHC reactive hydride composites (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4536/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/11/4536/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:11:p:4536-:d:1164522

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().