Impact on Distribution Transformer Life Using Electric Vehicles with Long-Range Battery Capacity

Amanda M. P. Barros, Jorge H. Angelim and Carolina M. Affonso ()
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Amanda M. P. Barros: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil
Jorge H. Angelim: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil
Carolina M. Affonso: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 12, 1-13

Abstract: This paper presents a comparative analysis of the effects of short-range and long-range electric vehicles charging on transformer life. Long-range vehicles are expected to become more common in the future. They have higher battery capacity and charge at higher power levels, modifying demand profile. A probabilistic analysis is performed using the Monte Carlo Simulation, evaluating the transformer hottest-spot temperature and the aging acceleration factor. Residential demand is modeled based on real electricity measurements, and EVs’ demand is modeled based on real data collected from a trial project developed in the United Kingdom. Simulations are conducted considering the influence of ambient temperature analyzing summer and winter seasons and several EV penetration levels. Results show the impacts caused by long-range vehicles are more severe because they charge at higher power levels, especially during winter, when residential demand is higher. For penetration level of 50% during summer, the use of long-range EVs brings a minimum equivalent aging factor of 5.2, which means the transformer aged 124.8 h in a cycle of only 24 h, decreasing its lifetime.

Keywords: distribution transformer; electric vehicles; hottest-spot temperature; Monte Carlo Simulation; transformer loss-of-life (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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