Safeguarding Biodiversity and Promoting Sustainable Development: Assessing the Energy–Water Nexus of San Andrés Island, Colombia

Daniella Rodríguez-Urrego, Benjamín González-Díaz (), Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego, Oscar García-Afonso and Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus
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Daniella Rodríguez-Urrego: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Benjamín González-Díaz: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Oscar García-Afonso: Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus: Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 14, 1-17

Abstract: This article provides an extensive examination of the interconnectedness between energy and water in island regions, particularly those heavily reliant on tourism, as exemplified by the present case. This study explores the present state and trends of research in this field with the objective of attaining a sustainable system in future scenarios. Specifically, this analysis delves into the water–energy–CO 2 nexus of the Colombian island of San Andrés. Currently, there is no energy generation from the water sector, with 76.18% of water consumption directed towards the cooling of thermal power plants and a mere 1.54% of the energy employed for water extraction, desalination, and purification. In 2019, the island’s total energy consumption reached 138 ktoe (kilotons of oil equivalent), and renewable energies have yet to contribute to the system. These findings emphasize the necessity for the island to implement measures that will bolster its sustainability, self-sufficiency, and resilience. This entails mitigating and managing the intensity of resource consumption, particularly in areas experiencing economic growth. According to the Sankey diagram obtained, some political implications and recommendations have been listed.

Keywords: water–energy nexus; San Andrés Island; world biosphere reserve; water security energy security; Sankey diagram (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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