Impact of Biofuel Blending on Hydrocarbon Speciation and Particulate Matter from a Medium-Duty Multimode Combustion Strategy

Yensil Park, Melanie Moses-DeBusk (), Scott S. Sluder and Shean P. Huff
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Yensil Park: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Melanie Moses-DeBusk: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Scott S. Sluder: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Shean P. Huff: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 15, 1-15

Abstract: The U.S. Department of Energy’s Co-Optima initiative simultaneous focused on diversifying fuel sources, improving efficiency, and reducing emissions through using novel combustion strategies and sustainable fuel blends. For medium-duty/heavy-duty diesel engines, research in this area has led to the development of a multimode strategy that uses premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) at low loads and conventional diesel combustion (CDC) at mid–high loads. The aim of this study was to understand how emissions were impacted when using PCCI instead of CDC at low loads and switching to an oxygenated biofuel blend. It provides a detailed speciation of the hydrocarbon (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions from a multimode medium-duty engine operating at low loads in PCCI and CDC modes and high loads in CDC. The effect of the oxygenated biofuel blend on emissions was studied at all three mode–load conditions using #2 ULSD and a bio-derived fuel (25% hexyl hexanoate (HHN)) blended in #2 ULSD. The PCCI mode effectively decreased NOx, total HC, and PM/PN emissions, with a substantial decrease in larger particles (≥50 nm). A PM/PN reduction was observed at high loads with the 25% HHN fuel. While the total HC emissions were not impacted by fuel type, the detailed HC analysis exposed changes in the HC’s composition.

Keywords: multimode; medium duty; PCCI; biofuel; emissions; particulate matter; hydrocarbons (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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