Thermal Effects of Electromagnetic Energy on Skin in Contact with Metal: A Numerical Analysis

Teerapot Wessapan, Phadungsak Rattanadecho, Nisakorn Somsuk (), Manop Yamfang, Manaporn Guptasa and Prempreeya Montienthong
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Teerapot Wessapan: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Phadungsak Rattanadecho: Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Nisakorn Somsuk: Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Manop Yamfang: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Manaporn Guptasa: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
Prempreeya Montienthong: Department of Sustainable Development Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 16, 1-16

Abstract: It has been well recognized that interactions between electromagnetic fields and metals are very strong. The consequence of human tissue in contact with metal, when subjected to an alternating electromagnetic field, is an increase in tissue temperature, which results from metals absorbing the energy obtained through induction. However, the electromagnetic induction characteristics and tissue energy absorbed caused by various electromagnetic field exposure conditions have not been well understood. A computational model was developed and employed in this study to assess the temporal and spatial temperature increases in skin due to contact with a highly conductive metallic plate while subjected to a high-intensity electromagnetic field. The effects of plate material, plate thickness, coil distance, and exposure time on temperature increase in the skin were computationally investigated. The electromagnetic and temperature distributions in skin layers during exposure to electromagnetic fields were achieved using models of electromagnetic wave propagation and an unsteady bioheat transfer. The modeling approach used indicates that the plate thickness, plate material, coil distance, and exposure time have a significant impact on the temperature change in the skin. The most important parameter was found to be the metal type. Iron has the greatest effect on skin temperature increase when subjected to external electromagnetic induction. These results allow the researchers to estimate more precisely the exposure limits for induction coils.

Keywords: electromagnetic field; induction; skin tissue; bioheat transfer; wearable device (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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