Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Tristable Exponential Section of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

Zhaoxin Cai, Kuntao Zhou (), Tao Yang and Shuying Hao
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Zhaoxin Cai: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
Kuntao Zhou: Engineering Training Centers, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
Tao Yang: School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300384, China
Shuying Hao: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromechanical System Design and Control, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 18, 1-21

Abstract: Variable-cross-section beams have better mass and strength distribution compared with constant cross-section beams, which can optimize the harvesting power of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters, which are widely used in self-supplied and low-power electronic devices, providing more convenience and innovation for the development of micromechanical intelligence and portable mobile devices. This paper proposes a piezoelectric energy harvester with a tristable-exponential-decay cross section, which optimizes the strain distribution of the cantilever beam through exponential decay changes to improve the harvesting efficiency of the harvester in low-frequency environments. First, the nonlinear magnetic force is obtained based on the magnetic dipole, and the dynamic model is established by using the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Lagrangian equation. The influence of the structural parameters of the harvester on the system dynamics and output characteristics is analyzed in the two dimensions of time and frequency, and the influence of the exponential decay coefficient on the system dynamic response and output power is deeply studied. The research shows that the exponential decay section can reduce the first natural frequency of the cantilever beam; by changing the amplitude, frequency, d and d g of the excitation acceleration, the switching of the monostable, tristable and bistable states of the system can be realized. With a decrease in the exponential decay coefficient, under a low-frequency excitation of 0–7 Hz, the output power of the cantilever beam per unit volume is significantly improved, and under a 4 Hz low-frequency excitation, the acquisition output power per unit volume of the cantilever beam is increased by 7 times, thus realizing low-frequency, high-efficiency energy harvesting.

Keywords: tristable; piezoelectric energy harvester; exponential decay; nonlinear magnetic force; numerical simulation; low-frequency; high-efficiency energy harvesting (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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