A Novel Grid-Forming Strategy for Self-Synchronous PMSG under Nearly 100% Renewable Electricity

Pan Hu (), Kezhen Jiang, Xiaotong Ji, Yuze Cai, Bo Wang, Dan Liu, Kan Cao and Wei Wang
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Pan Hu: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430072, China
Kezhen Jiang: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430072, China
Xiaotong Ji: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Company Limited, Wuhan 430072, China
Yuze Cai: College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Bo Wang: College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Dan Liu: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430072, China
Kan Cao: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430072, China
Wei Wang: State Grid Hubei Electric Power Company Limited, Wuhan 430072, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 18, 1-16

Abstract: The demand for decarbonization calls for building up a nearly 100% renewable electricity resulting in Grid-forming (GFM) capability requirements. The foregoing paradigm shifts from synchronous AC systems to converter-based systems that need to remain stable and self-synchronous while providing GFM services. However, as this article’s analysis in the introduction, achieving such goals inevitably necessitates the implementation of a PLL controller and energy storage in a wind turbine, whereas it is not suitable to operate in a weak energy system. To tackle this issue, a novel grid-forming method is proposed. The suggested idea calls for creating a DC voltage controller in a grid-side converter that mimics inertia response and applying a Rotor kinetic energy storage (RKES) controller in a Generator-side converter. Moreover, a coordinated controller of RKES controllers and conventional low voltage ride-through (LVRT) is proposed to gain increases in dynamic performance and maintain grid-forming capabilities in the transient process. Extensive modeling, experimental results based on a semi-physical platform, and an actual wind farm demonstration project are provided to validate the proposed controls. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method when applied to the future 100% renewable electricity.

Keywords: grid-forming; self-synchronous; wind turbines; 100% renewable electricity; kinetic energy of the rotor controller (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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