Green Production of Biodiesel from High Acid Value Oil via Glycerol Esterification and Transesterification Catalyzed by Nano Hydrated Eggshell-Derived CaO

Zhenghui Weng, Yuanzhe Tao, Haotian Fei, Weishan Deng, Yiyao Chen, Zhiqi Zhao, Xiaojiang Liang and Yong Nie ()
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Zhenghui Weng: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Yuanzhe Tao: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Haotian Fei: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Weishan Deng: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Yiyao Chen: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Zhiqi Zhao: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Xiaojiang Liang: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Yong Nie: Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 18, 1-16

Abstract: Biodiesel is a widely recognized and favored liquid biofuel, primarily attributed to its biodegradability and non-toxicity. However, the development of biodiesel is hindered by its high production costs. Here, we developed a method that combines glycerol esterification and transesterification reaction catalyzed using nano-hydrated CaO for the green production of biodiesel from high acid value oil. Waste eggshell was chosen as the calcium source to examine the effect of hydration temperature and duration. The catalysts were optimized using a synthesis process involving under calcination for 3 h at 875 °C, followed by hydration at 60 °C for 6 h and subsequent dehydration at 725 °C. The catalyst loading, alcohol-to-oil mass ratio, reaction temperature, and duration were optimized to 2.5 wt%, 35%, 60 °C, and 2 h, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of fatty acid methyl ester reached 94.44%. The catalyst was successfully reused eight cycles while maintaining a yield of fatty acid methyl ester at 80.52%. In addition, a comprehensive overview was summarized to compare the catalyst preparation methods, reaction conditions, biodiesel yield, and reusability in the production of biodiesel using eggshell-derived CaO.

Keywords: biodiesel; high acid value oil; biobased calcium oxide; transesterification; hydration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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