High-Temperature Materials for Complex Components in Ammonia/Hydrogen Gas Turbines: A Critical Review

Mustafa Alnaeli, Mohammad Alnajideen (), Rukshan Navaratne, Hao Shi, Pawel Czyzewski, Ping Wang, Sven Eckart, Ali Alsaegh, Ali Alnasif, Syed Mashruk, Agustin Valera Medina and Philip John Bowen
Additional contact information
Mustafa Alnaeli: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Mohammad Alnajideen: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Rukshan Navaratne: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Hao Shi: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Pawel Czyzewski: Institute of Thermal Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
Ping Wang: Institute of Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Sven Eckart: Institute of Thermal Engineering, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
Ali Alsaegh: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Ali Alnasif: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Syed Mashruk: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Agustin Valera Medina: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK
Philip John Bowen: College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 AA, UK

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 19, 1-46

Abstract: This article reviews the critical role of material selection and design in ensuring efficient performance and safe operation of gas turbine engines fuelled by ammonia–hydrogen. As these energy fuels present unique combustion characteristics in turbine combustors, the identification of suitable materials becomes imperative. Detailed material characterisation is indispensable for discerning defects and degradation routes in turbine components, thereby illuminating avenues for improvement. With elevated turbine inlet temperatures, there is an augmented susceptibility to thermal degradation and mechanical shortcomings, especially in the high-pressure turbine blade—a critical life-determining component. This review highlights challenges in turbine design for ammonia–hydrogen fuels, addressing concerns like ammonia corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, and stress corrosion cracking. To ensure engine safety and efficacy, this article advocates for leveraging advanced analytical techniques in both material development and risk evaluation, emphasising the interplay among technological progress, equipment specifications, operational criteria, and analysis methods.

Keywords: gas turbine; materials characterisation; ammonia; hydrogen; blades; fuels; combustion; temperature; technology challenges; energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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