Modeling of the Battery Pack and Battery Management System towards an Integrated Electric Vehicle Application

Nadya Novarizka Mawuntu, Bao-Qi Mu, Oualid Doukhi and Deok-Jin Lee ()
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Nadya Novarizka Mawuntu: Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Center of Autonomous Intelligence and e-Mobility, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
Bao-Qi Mu: Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Center of Autonomous Intelligence and e-Mobility, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
Oualid Doukhi: Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Center of Autonomous Intelligence and e-Mobility, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
Deok-Jin Lee: Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Center of Autonomous Intelligence and e-Mobility, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 20, 1-17

Abstract: The transportation sector is under increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by decarbonizing its operations. One prominent solution that has emerged is the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). As the electric vehicles market experiences rapid growth, the utilization of lithium-ion batteries (LiB) has become the predominant choice for energy storage. However, it is important to note that lithium-ion battery technology is sensitive to factors, like excessive voltage and temperature. Therefore, the development of an accurate battery model and a reliable state of charge (SOC) estimator is crucial to safeguard against the overcharging and over-discharging of the battery. Numerous studies have been conducted to address lithium-ion battery cell modeling and SOC estimations. These studies have explored variations in the number of RC networks within the model and different estimation methods. However, it is worth mentioning that the capacity of a single lithium-ion battery cell is relatively low and cannot be directly employed in electric vehicles. To meet the total capacity and voltage requirements for electric vehicles, multiple cells are typically connected in series or parallel configurations to form a battery pack. Surprisingly, this aspect has often been overlooked in previous research. To tackle this overlooked challenge, our study introduces a comprehensive battery pack model and an advanced Battery Management System (BMS). We then integrate these components into an electric vehicle model. Subsequently, we simulate the integrated EV-BMS model under the conditions of four different urban driving scenarios to replicate real-world driving conditions. The BMS that we have developed includes an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)-based SOC estimation system, a mechanism for controlling coolant flow, and a passive cell-balancing algorithm. These components work together to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery pack within the electric vehicles.

Keywords: LiB modeling; battery pack; BMS; EV; SOC estimation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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