Review of Geomagnetically Induced Current Proxies in Mid-Latitude European Countries

Agnieszka Gil (), Monika Berendt-Marchel, Renata Modzelewska, Agnieszka Siluszyk, Marek Siluszyk, Anna Wawrzaszek and Anna Wawrzynczak
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Agnieszka Gil: Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Monika Berendt-Marchel: Institute of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Renata Modzelewska: Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Agnieszka Siluszyk: Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Marek Siluszyk: Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Anna Wawrzaszek: Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences, Bartycka Str.18A, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
Anna Wawrzynczak: Institute of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 21, 1-22

Abstract: The Quebec blackout on 13 March 1989, has made geomagnetically induced current (GIC) research a socially important field of study. It is widely recognized that the effects of space weather, which may affect the power infrastructure, threaten countries located at high latitudes. However, in recent years, various studies have shown that countries at lower latitudes may also be at risk. One of the best proxies of GIC variability is the local geoelectric field, as measured in Eskdalemuir, Lerwick, and Hartland, by the British Geological Survey or modeled using, e.g., a 1D layered Earth conductivity model. In our article, we present a review of the issues related to the impact of the GIC on transformers and transmission lines in Central and Southern European countries, from Greece, Spain, and Italy to Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Austria, and Poland. The review underlines the importance of the systematic collection of information about power grid failures and the need for further systematic studies of the GIC’s impact on the operation of power grids in mid-latitude countries.

Keywords: transmission lines in Europe; geomagnetically induced currents; geomagnetic storms; solar activity; space weather effects (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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