Analytical Approach for Estimating the Average Torque of Synchronous Motors by Using the Flux Density in the Air Gap

Zheng-Feng Li (), Lin-Wei Huang, Shih-Gang Chen, Yu-Tse Hsu, Jun-Ming Hsu and Ming-Shi Huang
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Zheng-Feng Li: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Lin-Wei Huang: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Shih-Gang Chen: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Tauyuan 32001, Taiwan
Yu-Tse Hsu: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Jun-Ming Hsu: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Ming-Shi Huang: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 23, 1-27

Abstract: In this study, a generalized torque estimation method is proposed for synchronous motors, including surface permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs), synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs), and interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) for building the analytical motor model. The average motor torque is estimated using the Lorentz force by the generated flux density in the air gap to determine the relationships among torque, flux density, and injected current. In the proposed method, the generated flux density is derived step by step by considering the effects of magnetic flux saturation, the stator slot, the rotor barrier, and permanent magnets (PMs) to ensure that the generated average torque complies with the operating condition of the motor. To verify the proposed method, the output torque of finite element analysis (FEA), Maxwell 2D, is compared to the proposed method in a SPMSM. Moreover, a phasor diagram is plotted to determine the mechanism through which torque is generated in SynRMs and IPMSMs. A SynRM and an IPMSM with ferrites PMs are analyzed using the proposed method, FEA, and the experimental results of this study indicate the effectiveness.

Keywords: finite element analysis (FEA); magnetic saturation; motor flux density; slot effect; synchronous motor; torque equation; air gap (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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