Management of Fly Ash to Synthesise Geopolymers and Zeolites

Paweł Baran, Jakub Sobala, Jakub Szczurowski () and Katarzyna Zarębska
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Paweł Baran: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Jakub Sobala: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Jakub Szczurowski: Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Katarzyna Zarębska: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Geomatics and Renewable Energy, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 23, 1-22

Abstract: The purpose of the article was to conduct an in-depth literature review on the possibilities of managing combustion by-products (mainly fly ash) in the context of a closed-loop economy. First, information on the chemical composition of fly ash in Poland was collected and compared with the composition of fly ash in other European countries. The authors concentrated on describing methods for synthesizing geopolymers and zeolites using fly ash as a substrate. By-products of zeolite synthesis, which are strongly alkaline solutions, can be used as a substrate in the synthesis of geopolymers. A concept has been proposed to combine the synthesis of zeolites and geopolymers into a single process to close the material loop. The search for comprehensive technological solutions that take into account the ideas of a closed-loop economy is essential in an era of resource depletion, and this literature review encapsulates this topic area.

Keywords: fly ash; circular economy; zeolites; geopolymers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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