Studies on Engine Oil Degradation Characteristics in a Field Test with Passenger Cars

Ruslans Smigins (), Karlis Amatnieks, Aivars Birkavs, Krzysztof Górski and Sviatoslav Kryshtopa
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Ruslans Smigins: Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, J. Cakstes blvd. 5, LV3001 Jelgava, Latvia
Karlis Amatnieks: Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, J. Cakstes blvd. 5, LV3001 Jelgava, Latvia
Aivars Birkavs: Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, J. Cakstes blvd. 5, LV3001 Jelgava, Latvia
Krzysztof Górski: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Casimir Pulaski University of Radom, ul. Chrobrego 45, 26-200 Radom, Poland
Sviatoslav Kryshtopa: Department of Automobile Transport, Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Carpathians Street 15, 76019 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 24, 1-17

Abstract: Nowadays, a car’s engine oil change interval is an essential factor in reducing wear. The correct choice depends on various factors. This study analyzes the changes in the composition of three different engine oils (0W30, 5W30, and 5W40) during the generally accepted oil change interval (15,000 km) in gasoline and diesel cars during the post-warranty period. Commercially available low-level biofuel blends (B7 and E10) were used to power test vehicles in a field test. Engine oil samples were taken every 3000 km for more detailed analysis and tested in an accredited laboratory. The contaminants in the engine oil were determined using several testing methods: spectrometric analysis, gas chromatography, etc. Studies have shown that all used cars have an increase in the number of iron particles, an increased concentration of silicon, and also an increase in the number of nickel particles above 12,000 km. Tests also showed a sharp drop of molybdenum anti-friction additives 4.5 times and a gradual increase in fuel concentration for the Opel Insignia over 12,000 km, but over 9000 km, a significant increase in the concentration of chromium particles. Based on this research results, it is preferable to choose a maintenance interval of no more than 12,000 km for cars during the post-warranty period. In this way, the intensity of engine wear can be reduced due to the loss of adequate protective properties of the engine oil.

Keywords: engine oil; contaminants; wear; vehicles; gasoline; diesel; viscosity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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