Experimental Investigation of the In-Cylinder Flow of a Compression Ignition Optical Engine for Different Tangential Port Opening Areas

Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi (), Emir Yilmaz, Kohei Hamada, Taiga Hara, Willyanto Anggono and Takashi Suzuki
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Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi: Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
Emir Yilmaz: Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
Kohei Hamada: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
Taiga Hara: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
Willyanto Anggono: Mechanical Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
Takashi Suzuki: Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 24, 1-16

Abstract: The push for decarbonization of internal combustion engines (ICEs) has spurred interest in alternative fuels, such as hydrogen and ammonia. To optimize combustion efficiency and reduce emissions, a closer look at the intake system and in-cylinder flows is crucial, especially when a hard-to-burn fuel, such as ammonia is utilized. In port fuel injection ICEs, airflow within cylinders profoundly affects combustion and emissions by influencing the air–fuel mixing phenomenon. Adjusting intake port openings is an important factor in controlling the in-cylinder airflow. In previous experiments with a transparent cylinder, tangential and helical ports demonstrated that varying the helical port’s opening significantly impacts flow velocities, swirl ratios, and swirl center positions (SCPs). In this study, we used a particle image velocimetry technique to investigate how the tangential port’s opening affects intake and in-cylinder flows. Flow velocities were assessed at different planes near the cylinder head, evaluating streamline maps, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and SCPs. Under the given experimental conditions, swirl flows were successfully generated early in the compression stroke when the tangential port opening exceeded 25%. Our findings emphasize the importance of minimizing TKE and SCP variation for successful swirl flow generation in engine cylinders equipped with both tangential and helical ports.

Keywords: in-cylinder flow; PIV; swirl flow; swirl center position; turbulent kinetic energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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