Biogas Production Depending on the Substrate Used: A Review and Evaluation Study—European Examples

Katarzyna Ignatowicz (), Gabriel Filipczak, Barbara Dybek and Grzegorz Wałowski
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Katarzyna Ignatowicz: Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
Gabriel Filipczak: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Opole University of Technology, 5 St. Mikolajczyka Street, 45-271 Opole, Poland
Barbara Dybek: Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
Grzegorz Wałowski: Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 2, 1-17

Abstract: Biogas production is the most important and promising alternative for replacing fossil fuels in an environmentally friendly manner. Along with the many renewable energy sources available, biogas production occupies an irreplaceable position due to the undeniable availability of biomass and the need to manage agro-commercial waste. The article reviews the current state of technology used in the production of biogas for selected European examples in terms of methane fermentation efficiency and actual energy production. The novelty of the article is its description of innovative trends that have great potential to play an important role in this field in the near future. The development of the biogas industry in Europe is evident, although the dynamics vary from country to country. Different models are presented, which are based on the different types of feedstock used for biogas production and the proportion of substrates used in co-digesters. Of course, Germany is the undisputed pioneer in the use of this renewable energy source. Nevertheless, the efforts to improve energy self-reliance and environmental impacts are reflected in the growing number of operational biogas plants in other European countries, which provides hope for rapid progress toward the complete abolition of the conventional exploitation of fossil fuels.

Keywords: biogas plant; substrate; agricultural biogas plants; energy production (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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