Influence of Axial Installation Deviation on the Hydraulic Axial Force of the 1000 MW Francis Runner in the Rated Operating Condition

Yongsheng Liu, Chengming Liu, Yongsheng Zhang, Xingxing Huang, Tao Guo, Lingjiu Zhou and Zhengwei Wang
Additional contact information
Yongsheng Liu: Sinohydro Engineering Bureau 4 Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China
Chengming Liu: College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Yongsheng Zhang: Sinohydro Engineering Bureau 4 Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China
Xingxing Huang: S.C.I. Energy, Future Energy Research Institute, Seidengasse 17, 8706 Zurich, Switzerland
Tao Guo: Sinohydro Engineering Bureau 4 Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China
Lingjiu Zhou: College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Zhengwei Wang: State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-20

Abstract: To study the influence of the axial installation deviation of the runner on the hydraulic axial force of the 1000 MW Francis turbine unit, geometric models of the full flow passage of the Francis turbine with the runner sinking in the axial direction by 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 4, and 5.5 mm were established. The geometric models of the upper crown clearance, lower band clearance, and pressure balance pipes were also built. The SST turbulence model was used in the CFD setup to numerically simulate the flow in the Francis turbine with different runner installation sinking values. The results show that the hydraulic axial force on the inner surface of the runner remains stable when the runner is lowered. The hydraulic axial force on the entire runner surface and the outer surface of the lower band decreases, and the hydraulic axial force on the outer surface of the upper crown clearance increases. All of these hydraulic axial forces gradually tend to stabilize as the amount descending from the runner increases. To study the reasons for the changes in hydraulic axial forces, the streamlines and fluid fields of different sections in the flow passage were analyzed in detail. It was found that periodic changes of vortices were generated in the clearance due to the influences of the geometric shape and wall rotation. These vortices affect the distribution of velocity and pressure and, thus, determine the hydraulic axial forces. The runner axial installation deviation has little influence on the streamlines, pressure, and velocity distribution in each flow passage, and only changes the velocity and pressure in the upper crown clearance and lower band clearance. Therefore, the axial installation deviation of the runner has a great effect on the hydraulic axial force on the outer surface of the upper crown and lower band and has a smaller impact on the runner passage and the hydraulic axial force on the inner surface of the runner. The conclusions in this study can be adopted as references for the installation accuracy control of other hydraulic Francis turbine units.

Keywords: 1000 MW Francis turbine; axial installation deviation; hydraulic axial force; CFD; vortex; clearance flow; installation accuracy control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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