Review on Soft Computing-Based Controllers for Frequency Regulation of Diverse Traditional, Hybrid, and Future Power Systems

Balvender Singh, Adam Slowik () and Shree Krishan Bishnoi
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Balvender Singh: Department of Electrical Engineering, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer 305002, Rajasthan, India
Adam Slowik: Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Koszalin University of Technology, Politechnika Koszalińska, Śniadeckich 2, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland
Shree Krishan Bishnoi: Department of Electrical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Bikaner 334004, Rajasthan, India

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-30

Abstract: In recent decades the power system has become a complex network, to design a load frequency control (LFC) requires solving a complex equation. Optimisation techniques are essentially required to optimise the parameters of different controllers used for LFC issues in the power system. In a unified power system, the LFC is examined from all angles using different optimisation strategies to optimise the conventional PI, PID, cascaded, and fuzzy controllers as well as recently designed controllers. This manuscript specifically reviews the use of soft computing techniques in the frequency regulation of the power system with single/multiple areas that include conventional, renewable, and combinations of both, with FACTS devices and certain energy storage devices such as superconductor magnetic energy storage (SMES) and battery sources. Furthermore, deregulated power systems and microgrids are also considered for the study. To regulate LFC under various disturbances such as generation rate constraints (GRC) and dead band control, a few additional control approaches are utilised. Models of the power system are discussed and analysed. In addition, the merits and drawbacks of the studied techniques/structures that address design and implementation issues—as well as control issues that relate to the LFC problems—have been discussed.

Keywords: soft computing techniques; interconnected power systems; load frequency control; secondary frequency control; smart grids; microgrid; optimisation techniques; FACTS devices (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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