A Comparison of Grid-Connected Local Hospital Loads with Typical Backup Systems and Renewable Energy System Based Ad Hoc Microgrids for Enhancing the Resilience of the System

Majid Ali (), Juan C. Vasquez, Josep M. Guerrero, Yajuan Guan, Saeed Golestan (), Jorge De La Cruz, Mohsin Ali Koondhar and Baseem Khan
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Majid Ali: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Juan C. Vasquez: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Josep M. Guerrero: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Yajuan Guan: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Saeed Golestan: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Jorge De La Cruz: Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Mohsin Ali Koondhar: Department of Electrical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah 67450, Pakistan
Baseem Khan: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hawassa University, Hawassa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-20

Abstract: Extreme weather conditions and natural disasters (ND) are the main causes of power outages in the electric grid. It is necessary to strengthen the electrical power system’s resilience during these catastrophic occurrences, and microgrids may be seen as the best way to achieve this goal. In this paper, two different energy system scenarios were proposed for increasing the resiliency of the electric power system during random outages. In the first scenario, a diesel generator (DG) was used to deliver energy to key loads during grid disruptions, in conjunction with a utility electric grid (UEG) and local electric load (ELL). A grid-connected ad hoc microgrid (MG) with a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery energy storage (BES) system, and local electric loads made up the second scenario. The PV system and the BES system were used to supply the key loads with electricity during the outage. The major aim of this research was to compare the two resilient-based systems from the perspectives of technology, economics, and the environment. Given that it requires greater resilience than the other loads during severe weather, a hospital load on Indonesia’s Lombok Island was chosen as the critical load. The objective function considers the system’s predefined constraints to reduce the overall net present cost (NPC) and the cost of energy in order to maximize the system resilience (COE). The Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) Grid simulated a 3-day outage in August 2021, and the results demonstrated that the resiliency enhancement for both scenarios was nearly identical. The first scenario resulted in fewer CO 2 emissions; however, the second scenario delivered lower operating costs and COE. The simulation’s findings showed that system 1 created an annual emission of 216.902 kg/yr while system 2 only produced an emission of 63.292 kg/yr. This study shows that since RES-based MGs don’t burn fossil fuels to generate power, they are more environmentally friendly resources.

Keywords: energy storage system; reliability; photovoltaic generation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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