Regional Load Frequency Control of BP-PI Wind Power Generation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Jikai Sun, Mingrui Chen, Linghe Kong, Zhijian Hu and Veerapandiyan Veerasamy ()
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Jikai Sun: College of Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Mingrui Chen: School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Linghe Kong: College of Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Zhijian Hu: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Veerapandiyan Veerasamy: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-15

Abstract: The large-scale integration of wind turbines (WTs) in renewable power generation induces power oscillations, leading to frequency aberration due to power unbalance. Hence, in this paper, a secondary frequency control strategy called load frequency control (LFC) for power systems with wind turbine participation is proposed. Specifically, a backpropagation (BP)-trained neural network-based PI control approach is adopted to optimize the conventional PI controller to achieve better adaptiveness. The proposed controller was developed to realize the timely adjustment of PI parameters during unforeseen changes in system operation, to ensure the mutual coordination among wind turbine control circuits. In the meantime, the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is utilized to adjust the initial neuron weights of the neural network, which can effectively improve the convergence of optimization. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IPSO-BP-PI controller performed evidently better than the conventional PI controller in the case of random load disturbance, with a significant reduction to near 10 s in regulation time and a final stable error of less than 10 − 3 for load frequency. Additionally, compared with the conventional PI controller counterpart, the frequency adjustment rate of the IPSO-BP-PI controller is significantly improved. Furthermore, it achieves higher control accuracy and robustness, demonstrating better integration of wind energy into traditional power systems.

Keywords: wind power generation; sudden load disturbance; load frequency control; BP neural network; particle swarm optimization algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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