A Review of Grid Connection Requirements for Photovoltaic Power Plants

Yandi G. Landera (), Oscar C. Zevallos, Rafael C. Neto, Jose F. da Costa Castro and Francisco A. S. Neves
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Yandi G. Landera: Power Electronics and Drives Research Group (GEPAE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-530, Brazil
Oscar C. Zevallos: Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
Rafael C. Neto: Power Electronics and Drives Research Group (GEPAE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-530, Brazil
Jose F. da Costa Castro: Power Electronics and Drives Research Group (GEPAE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-530, Brazil
Francisco A. S. Neves: Power Electronics and Drives Research Group (GEPAE), Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-530, Brazil

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-24

Abstract: The increasing rate of renewable energy penetration in modern power grids has prompted updates to the regulations, standards, and grid codes requiring ancillary services provided by photovoltaic-generating units similar to those applied to conventional generating units. In this work, a comprehensive survey presents a comparison of requirements related to voltage ride through reactive current injection/absorption; active power restoration; frequency stability regulation and active power control; voltage regulation and reactive power control; and the energy quality requisites included in the standards and grid codes of countries around the globe. The survey can be used to observe the differences between the requirements established in the grid codes depending on the power system operating characteristics, development of technology, and renewable energy penetration level. Many of these factors determine the parameters used to establish requisites for different grid codes, making a global standardization of the renewable energy interconnection requirements much harder.

Keywords: grid codes; renewable energy; requirements and standards (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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