Integration of Sodium Metal Halide Energy Storage Systems in Telecommunication Microgrids: Performance Analysis of DC-DC Converter Topologies

Mauro Boi, Rosa Anna Mastromauro, Andrea Floris and Alfonso Damiano ()
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Mauro Boi: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
Rosa Anna Mastromauro: Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Andrea Floris: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
Alfonso Damiano: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-20

Abstract: The present paper proposes an integrated method for modelling and designing Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) based on Sodium Metal Halide Batteries (SMHBs). The implementation of the proposed methodology for designing an SMHB-ESS used for supporting telecommunication DC microgrids is presented. The motivation concerning this specific case study is the role assumed by battery technology in improving the reliability and robustness of telecommunication DC microgrids. In this context, the SMHBs, due to their operative temperature, dynamic power response and robustness against cell breakdown, represent one of the most suitable technologies, mainly when challenging environmental conditions occur. The motivation for implementing an integrated design approach is the non-linear behaviour of SMHBs, which requires a high accuracy in battery modelling and in managing DC-DC interfacing for full SMHB capacity exploitation. To highlight the advantages of this novel approach, a comparison between the SMHB- ESS designs considering, as the DC-DC converter, a buck–boost topology actually implemented in the commercial systems and a Dual-Active-Bridge (DAB) converter, specifically developed for this kind of battery, was investigated. Considering different operating conditions in a specific DC telecommunication microgrid, the designed configurations of SMHB ESSs were simulated. Finally, a comparison of simulation results is presented and discussed, highlighting that DABs, despite their greater complexity compared to buck–boost converters, present advantages in terms of flexibility, dynamic performances and efficiency, increasing the available SMHB capacity by 10%.

Keywords: DC microgrid; energy storage systems; sodium metal halide battery; DC-DC converters design and sizing; buck–boost converter; DAB converter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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