Advances in High-Temperature Molten Salt-Based Carbon Nanofluid Research

Xia Chen, Mingxuan Zhang, Yuting Wu () and Chongfang Ma
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Xia Chen: MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Mingxuan Zhang: MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Yuting Wu: MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Chongfang Ma: MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-28

Abstract: Molten salt is an excellent medium for heat transfer and storage. The unique microstructure of carbon nanomaterials leads to good mechanical stability, low density, high thermal conductivity, and high strength, etc. The addition of carbon nanomaterials to molten salt to form molten salt nanofluid can remarkably enhance the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of molten salt and reduce the molten salt viscosity, which is of great importance to increase the heat storage density and reduce the heat storage cost. Nevertheless, some challenges remain in the study of such nanofluids. The main challenge is the dispersion stability of carbon nanomaterials. Therefore, to improve research on carbon nanofluids, this paper summarizes the progress of carbon-based molten salt nanofluid research worldwide including the preparation methods of molten salt nanofluids, the improvement of heat transfer performance, and the improvement of heat storage performance. The effects of carbon nanoparticle concentration, size, and type on the heat transfer and storage performance of molten salt are derived, and the effects of nanoparticle shape on the heat transfer performance of molten salt are analyzed while more promising preparation methods for carbon-based molten salt nanofluids are proposed. In addition, the future problems that need to be solved for high-temperature molten salt-based carbon nanofluids are briefly discussed.

Keywords: carbon materials; nanofluids; molten salt; solar energy; enhanced heat transfer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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