Enhancing Biomass-Exopolysaccharides Production of Lignosus rhinocerus in a High-Scale Stirred-Tank Bioreactor and Its Potential Lipid as Bioenergy

Siti Rokhiyah Ahmad Usuldin, Zul Ilham (), Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin, Rahayu Ahmad and Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar ()
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Siti Rokhiyah Ahmad Usuldin: Agro-Biotechnology Institute (ABI), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
Zul Ilham: Bioresources and Bioprocessing Research Group, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin: Environmental Science and Management Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Rahayu Ahmad: Halal Action Laboratory, Kolej GENIUS Insan, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar: Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-18

Abstract: The depletion of fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases have increased the demand for new and sustainable energy sources, leading to growing interest in using fast-growing filamentous fungi as a source of bioenergy. This study aimed to optimize the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and mycelial biomass (MB) from the native medicinal mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerus, through submerged liquid fermentation. Using response surface methodology (RSM), it was found that the glucose concentration and speed of agitation significantly influenced the production of MB and EPS ( p < 0.05), while the initial pH medium had an insignificant effect. The validated optimized parameters of 50.0 g/L glucose, initial pH 4.0, and 128 rpm for speed of agitation were tested in 500 mL shake flasks, 5 L, and 13 L stirred-tank (STR) bioreactors. The production of MB and EPS increased significantly by ~1.2-fold in the 5 L STR and further increased to ~1.7-fold (MB) and ~2.4-fold (EPS) in the 13 L STR bioreactor compared to the shake flask. The lipid content of MB was also determined, with a result of 2.07% w / w using the Soxhlet extraction method. To conclude, this study emphasizes the ability of L. rhinocerus as a new source of bioenergy through large-scale production, with optimized parameters serving as a reference for future research and practical applications.

Keywords: biodiesel; bioreactor fermentation; exopolysaccharides; Lignosus rhinocerus; response surface methodology; tiger milk mushroom (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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