A Survey on Key Management and Authentication Approaches in Smart Metering Systems

Mohamed S. Abdalzaher, Mostafa M. Fouda, Ahmed Emran, Zubair Md Fadlullah and Mohamed I. Ibrahem
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Mohamed S. Abdalzaher: Department of Seismology, National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Cairo 11421, Egypt
Mostafa M. Fouda: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
Ahmed Emran: Department of Electrical Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
Zubair Md Fadlullah: Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
Mohamed I. Ibrahem: Department of Cyber Security Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-27

Abstract: The implementation of the smart grid (SG) and cyber-physical systems (CPS) greatly enhances the safety, reliability, and efficiency of energy production and distribution. Smart grids rely on smart meters (SMs) in converting the power grids (PGs) in a smart and reliable way. However, the proper operation of these systems needs to protect them against attack attempts and unauthorized entities. In this regard, key-management and authentication mechanisms can play a significant role. In this paper, we shed light on the importance of these mechanisms, clarifying the main efforts presented in the context of the literature. First, we address the main intelligent attacks affecting the SGs. Secondly, the main terms of cryptography are addressed. Thirdly, we summarize the common proposed key-management techniques with a suitable critique showing their pros and cons. Fourth, we introduce the effective paradigms of authentication in the state of the art. Fifth, the common two tools for verifying the security and integrity of protocols are presented. Sixth, the relevant research challenges are addressed to achieve trusted smart grids and protect their SMs against attack manipulations and unauthorized entities with a future vision. Accordingly, this survey can facilitate the efforts exerted by interested researchers in this regard.

Keywords: smart grid; key management; smart meter; advanced metering infrastructure; cyberphysical system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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