The Ethanol Market and Its Relation to the Price of Agricultural Commodities

Paulo Henrique Hoeckel (), Augusto Mussi Alvim, José Pontes and João Dias
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Paulo Henrique Hoeckel: Department of Economics, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Augusto Mussi Alvim: Business School, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
João Dias: Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Universidade de Lisboa, 1200-781 Lisbon, Portugal

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 6, 1-18

Abstract: In this article, we seek to present the synthesis of the global ethanol market in the United States (US) and Brazil by using caloric equivalence to empirically characterize the elasticity of supply and demand. We also seek to evaluate the relationship between world ethanol production and prices of agricultural commodities (wheat, rice, corn, soybeans and sugar) from 1981 to 2016 using climate-induced yield shocks as instrumental variables. The main results for the world market indicate that the production and demand for ethanol respond elastically to changes in commodity prices. The world ethanol production has no significant relationship with food prices. However, evaluation of the ethanol market and its interaction with the agricultural commodities market confirms the hypothesis that Brazilian ethanol is weakly related to the price of food.

Keywords: ethanol market; price behavior; agricultural commodities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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