A Novel Energy Accounting Model Using Fuzzy Restricted Boltzmann Machine—Recurrent Neural Network

Sarhang Sorguli and Husam Rjoub
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Sarhang Sorguli: Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, Haspolat 99040, Turkey

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 6, 1-15

Abstract: Energy accounting is a system for regularly measuring, analyzing, and reporting the energy use of various activities. This is done to increase energy efficiency and monitor the impact of energy usage on the environment. Primary energy accounting is now done by determining the amount of fossil fuel energy required to generate it. However, if fossil fuels become scarcer, this strategy becomes less viable. Instead, a new energy accounting approach will be required, one that takes into consideration the intermittent character of the two most prevalent renewable energy sources, wind and solar power. Furthermore, estimation of the energy consumption data collected from household surveys, whether using a recall-based approach or a meter-based one, remains a difficult task. Hence, this paper proposes a novel energy accounting model using Fuzzy Restricted Boltzmann Machine-Recurrent Neural Network (FRBM-RNN). The energy consumption dataset is preprocessed using linear-scaling normalization. The proposed model is optimized using the Adaptive Fuzzy Adam Optimization Algorithm (AFAOA). The performance metrics like Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) are estimated. The estimated results for our proposed technique are MSE (0.19), RMSE (0.44), MAE (0.2), and MAPE (3.5).

Keywords: energy accounting; linear-scaling normalization; fuzzy restricted Boltzmann machine; recurrent neural network (FRBM-RNN); adaptive fuzzy Adam optimization algorithm (AFAOA) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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