Control Methods for Levitation System of EMS-Type Maglev Vehicles: An Overview

Fengxing Li, Yougang Sun (), Junqi Xu, Zhenyu He and Guobin Lin
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Fengxing Li: Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Yougang Sun: Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Junqi Xu: National Maglev Transportation Engineering R&D Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Zhenyu He: Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Guobin Lin: Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-26

Abstract: As new advanced vehicles, electromagnetic suspension (EMS)-type maglev trains have received wide attention because of their advantages such as high speed, no mechanical friction, low noise, low cost and energy consumption, strong climbing ability, and green environmental protection. The open-loop instability is one of the key points and difficulties for the levitation control systems of maglev trains. The closed-loop feedback control method must be applied to realize stable levitation. However, there are currently many levitation control methods just in theory. Considering their advantages and disadvantages, it is a major demand for maglev trains to select efficient, stable, applicable, and cost-saving methods to improve their dynamic performance and safety, which motivated this review. First, the current status of research on maglev trains is introduced in this paper, including types, system components, and research modes in various countries, followed by an analysis of the levitation control methods for EMS-type maglev trains. Then, the technical characteristics of the levitation control systems are described according to the basic principles of levitation systems, model building, mathematical derivation, and control objectives. Next, three kinds of typical levitation control methods are reviewed, namely, linear state feedback methods, nonlinear control methods, and intelligent control methods, according to their improvements and applications. Lastly, we summarize and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods, and future developments of levitation control are suggested.

Keywords: EMS maglev train; magnetic levitation; linear control; nonlinear control; intelligent control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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