Analysing Grid-Level Effects of Photovoltaic Self-Consumption Using a Stochastic Bottom-up Model of Prosumer Systems

Steffen Karalus (), Benedikt Köpfer, Philipp Guthke, Sven Killinger and Elke Lorenz
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Steffen Karalus: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
Benedikt Köpfer: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
Philipp Guthke: TransnetBW GmbH, Osloer Str. 15–17, 70173 Stuttgart, Germany
Sven Killinger: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
Elke Lorenz: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-19

Abstract: Self-consumption of the energy generated by photovoltaics (PV) is playing an increasingly important role in the power grid. “Prosumer” systems consume part of the produced energy directly to meet the local demand, which reduces the feed-in into as well as the demand from the grid. In order to analyse the effects of PV self-consumption in the power grid, we introduce a stochastic bottom-up model of PV power generation and local consumption in the control area of the German transmission system operator TransnetBW. We set up a realistic portfolio of more than 100,000 PV/prosumer systems to generate representative time series of PV generation and consumption as a basis to derive self-consumption and feed-in. This model allows for the investigation of the time-dependent behaviour in detail for the full portfolio whereas measurements are presently only available as aggregated feed-in time series over a nonrepresentative subset of systems. We analyse the variation of self-consumption with PV generation and consumption at the portfolio level and its seasonal, weekly and diurnal cycles. Furthermore, we study a scenario of 100% prosumers as a limiting case for a situation without subsidized feed-in tariffs and local energy storage.

Keywords: solar energy; photovoltaics; PV power forecasting; PV system modelling; PV self-consumption; grid integration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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