In-Wheel Motor Drive Systems for Electric Vehicles: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Trends

Kritika Deepak, Mohamed Amine Frikha, Yassine Benômar, Mohamed El Baghdadi and Omar Hegazy ()
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Kritika Deepak: MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, ETEC Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Mohamed Amine Frikha: MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, ETEC Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Yassine Benômar: MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, ETEC Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Mohamed El Baghdadi: MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, ETEC Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Omar Hegazy: MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, ETEC Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-31

Abstract: Recently, there has been significant attention given to the electrification of transportation due to concerns about fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Conventional drive systems typically include a clutch, reduction gear, and mechanical differential, which results in power loss, noise, vibration, and additional maintenance. However, in-wheel motor drive technology eliminates the need for these components, providing benefits such as higher system efficiency, improved wheel control, and increased passenger comfort. This article offers a comprehensive review of the technology and development of in-wheel motor drives. It begins with an overview of in-wheel motor drives in electric vehicles, followed by an exploration of the types of electric motors suitable for in-wheel motor drives. The paper then presents an industrial state of the art of in-wheel motors, comparing them with conventional motor drives, and reviews the implemented power electronics, control system, and cooling systems. Finally, the paper concludes by providing an outlook on the challenges and future trends of in-wheel drive systems.

Keywords: in-wheel motors; axial flux motors; outer-rotor PMSM motors; rare earth elements; unsprung mass; torque distribution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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