Characteristic Evaluation of Different Carbonization Processes for Hydrochar, Torrefied Char, and Biochar Produced from Cattle Manure

Eunhye Song, Ho Kim, Kyung Woo Kim and Young-Man Yoon ()
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Eunhye Song: Bio Resource Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin 17180, Republic of Korea
Ho Kim: Bio Resource Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin 17180, Republic of Korea
Kyung Woo Kim: Bio Resource Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Yongin 17180, Republic of Korea
Young-Man Yoon: Biogas Research Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-14

Abstract: The amount of cattle manure generated accounts for over 40% of the livestock manure in South Korea. Most livestock manure is utilized as a fertilizer and a soil amendment. However, the soil nutrients have exceeded saturation in South Korea. Accordingly, cattle manure, including lignocellulosic biomass, was applied for solid fuel production in this study. The three different types of carbonization process, namely, hydrothermal carbonization, torrefaction, and carbonization (slow pyrolysis), were estimated for a comparison of the hydrochar, torrefied char, and biochar characteristics derived from cattle manure. The processes were performed at temperatures ranging from 190 to 450 °C. The evaluation of the hydrochar, torrefied char, and biochar produced by three processes was conducted by the proximate, ultimate, calorific value, fuel ratio, and energy yield, which were used for the analysis of fuel quality. Additionally, the ash properties, including silicon dioxide, chlorine, and base-to-acid ratio (B/A) on hydrochar, torrefied char, and biochar were investigated to predict ash deposition during combustion. These analyses are essential to stabilize the operation of the combustion chamber. The thermogravimetric analysis represented the upgraded quality of hydrochar, torrefied char, and biochar by three different carbonization processes.

Keywords: cattle manure; hydrochar; torrefied char; biochar; hydrothermal carbonization; torrefaction; slow pyrolysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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