Optical and Numerical Investigations on Combustion and OH Radical Behavior Inside an Optical Engine Operating in LTC Combustion Mode

Fadila Maroteaux (), Ezio Mancaruso and Bianca Maria Vaglieco
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Fadila Maroteaux: Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes de Versailles (LISV), Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines (UVSQ), 10-12 Avenue de l’Europe, 78140 Vélizy, France
Ezio Mancaruso: Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy
Bianca Maria Vaglieco: Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)—CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Naples, Italy

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 8, 1-18

Abstract: Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) is a relevant process for internal combustion engines (ICE). This combustion mode is based on premixed fuel/air and fuel lean in-cylinder mixture allowing reduction in NOx and PM emissions while maintaining higher thermal efficiency. In order to investigate the effect of engine operating conditions on the behavior of LTC mode, including OH radical evolution, optical measurements and numerical simulations were performed on a transparent CR diesel engine. The homogeneity of the engine charge was obtained by using very early injection timings. In this study, varying injection strategies were investigated for different engine speeds. In parallel to the experimentation, simulations of LTC mode for the same experimental operations were carried out. The model used in this study is based on a stochastic reactor model. This model includes a turbulence (k-ε) model based on a zero-dimensional energy cascade to calculate the turbulent time scale during the cycle. On the other hand, due to the stochastic approach and to reduce initial heterogeneities of the mixture, a confidence parameter was introduced in the global model to consider the real variation ranges of engine. This latter was modeled as a function of the Reynolds number allowing to initiate heterogeneities of temperature and of species mass. OH radicals were estimated with high spatial and temporal resolution using chemiluminescence measurements. Simulated in-cylinder pressure and the OH radical rate were compared to the experimental data. A good agreement was observed in terms of in-cylinder pressure trace and ignition delay times, meaning that the confidence coefficient model is accurate to describe the initial heterogeneities of the mixture. The simulated OH rate profile has the same shape as the measured OH trace and the main ignition occurs at the same time. This study corroborates that the OH radical is an appropriate tool to identify combustion stages.

Keywords: LTC combustion; optical diagnostics; OH radical; IEM model; turbulence model; internal combustion engine (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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