Mechanistic Exploration of Dendrite Growth and Inhibition for Lithium Metal Batteries

Yuanliang Chen, Xingping Yuan, Cuiping He, Qingyi Gou, Ni Yang, Gang Xie, Keyu Zhang, Yaochun Yao and Yanqing Hou ()
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Yuanliang Chen: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Xingping Yuan: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Cuiping He: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Qingyi Gou: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Ni Yang: Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming 650093, China
Gang Xie: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Keyu Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Yaochun Yao: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Yanqing Hou: State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Energies, 2023, vol. 16, issue 9, 1-18

Abstract: Li metal has been considered an ideal anode in lithium batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh·g −1 and lowest negative reduction potential of −3.040 V among the standard hydrogen electrodes. However, lithium dendrites can easily grow on the surface of the negative electrode during charging, which results in a short circuit of the battery and reduces its efficiency. This paper investigated dendrite growth and inhibition mechanisms in lithium metal batteries to improve battery life. The impacts of the initial nucleation spacing, surface energy anisotropy strength, and interfacial electrochemical driving force on lithium dendrite growth were analyzed with electrochemical experiments and mathematical models. The results showed that the smaller nucleation spacing inhibits the growth of dendrite side branches and reduces the roughness of lithium metal deposition on the negative electrode. A lower interfacial energy anisotropy strength can slow down the growth of dendrite tips and improve the dendrite growth structure. The growth of the dendrites is influenced by the interfacial electrochemical driving force. Reducing the nucleation overpotential can effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.

Keywords: Li metal battery; dendrite growth; phasefield model; initial nucleation spacing; anisotropy intensity of surface energy; interfacial electrochemical driving force (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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